kjsm The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine Korean J Sports Med 1226-3729 2288-6028 The Korean Society of Sports Medicine 10.5763/kjsm.2016.34.1.65 kjsm-34-65 Clinical Article Acute Resistance Exercise Attenuates the Cardiovascular Reactivity to Cold Pressor Test in Healthy Adults YoonEun Sun ParkSoo Hyun LeeYong Hee JaeSae Young Department of Sport Science, The Health and Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea Correspondence: Sae Young Jae Department of Sport Science, The Health and Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Korea Tel: +82-2-6490-2953, Fax: +82-2-6490-5204, E-mail: syjae@uos.ac.kr This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2013S1A5B5A07048654). 012016 19012016 34165 71 25032016 24052016 09052016 Copyright © 2016 The Korean Society of Sports Medicine 2016 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Increased cardiovascular reactivity to sympathetic challenge is associated with increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Acute aerobic exercise blunts stress related cardiovascular reactivity, but whether acute resistance exercise attenuates cardiovascular reactivity is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that acute resistance exercise will attenuate hemodynamic reactivity to a cold pressor test in healthy adults. Using a randomized cross-over trial, 20 healthy adults (9 males, 11 females; age, 26±5 years; body mass index, 23.85±3.19 kg/m2) completed two testing sessions, separated by 1 week. Sessions consisted of either a control condition or an acute resistance exercise prior to cold pressor testing (two sets, eight exercises, 40%–60% of 1 repetition maximum for upper and lower extremity). Blood pressure and heart rate measured at baseline, 30 seconds, and 120 seconds during a 3-minute cold pressor test (ice water, 4oC), and 30 seconds and 120 seconds post-cold pressor testing, respectively. During the cold pressor test, there were significant increases in blood pressures and heart rate (p＜0.05) in both groups. However, acute resistance exercise attenuated increases in systolic blood pressure, but not heart rate, compared with the control (all p＜0.05 for interact effects). These findings show that the cold pressor test significantly increases blood pressures and heart rate in healthy adults, but an acute bout of resistance exercise attenuated the hemodynamic response to the cold pressor test. Therefore, resistance exercise may have a favorable effect on cardiovascular reactivity to sympathetic activation in healthy adults.

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Change in systolic blood pressure reactivity in response to cold pressor test following resistance exercise or control trial. p-value for time×trial interactive effect. CON: control trial, RE: resistance exercise trial, SBP: systolic blood pressure, CPT: cold pressor test.

Comparison of mean changes in systolic blood pressure at 120 seconds during cold pressor test between resistance and control trial. CON: control trial, RE: resistance exercise trial, SBP: systolic blood pressure.

Physical characteristics of the subjects

Variable Total Male Female
Sex 20 11 9
Age (yr) 26±5 26±4 25±5
Body mass index (kg/m2) 23.85±3.19 25.6±2.8 21.8±2.4
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) 114.35±12.98 123.7±8.0 102.9±7.1
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) 68.10±6.36 70.9±5.1 64.7±6.3
Heart rate (bpm) 59.60±10.76 57.5±12.1 62.2±8.8

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

Exercise intensity

Exercise program Male Female
1 RM Exercise intensity 1 RM Exercise intensity
Chest press (kg) 72.98±23.09 29.05±9.55 16.48±7.07 3.39±2.74
Lat pull down (kg) 65.70±12.82 26.32±5.36 23.61±7.57 9.61±2.96
Arm curl (kg) 40.23±10.66 16.27±4.30 12.76±3.67 5.22±1.15
Back extension (kg) 89.89±17.73 35.95±6.99 49.69±19.13 19.94±7.56
Torso (kg) 34.14±8.24 13.55±3.45 16.67±4.31 6.72±1.86
Leg press (kg) 147.95±34.63 86.45±22.05 65.42±26.28 39.50±15.77
Leg extension (kg) 64.22±23.33 38.41±14.10 31.64±20.87 18.94±12.67
Leg curl (kg) 58.56±14.13 34.95±8.41 24.75±9.84 14.89±6.13

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. RM: maximal repetition.

Cardiovascular reactivity in response to cold pressor test at each time period in following resistance exercise or control trials

Variable Pre-CPT CPT 30 sec CPT 120 sec Recovery 30 sec Recovery 120 sec p-value
SBP (mm Hg)            
RE 111.15±11.39 119.40±8.85 119.35±11.94 112.15±10.58 110.95±9.84 0.001∗
CON 112.00±11.23 125.00±13.28 126.00±14.91 115.75±11.40 114.20±10.30 0.250†
            0.034‡
DBP (mm Hg)            
RE 66.10±7.64 74.95±7.99 73.65±9.39 66.80±6.71 66.80±6.71 0.015∗
CON 67.90±5.14 80.55±9.28 79.20±8.39 70.20±6.69 70.65±6.01 0.047†
            0.319‡
PP (mm Hg)            
RE 45.85±8.42 45.30±7.71 46.60±11.06 46.55±9.84 44.95±7.44 0.015∗
CON 43.95±8.32 44.70±10.35 46.50±11.41 46.15±11.14 41.85±10.12 0.664†
            0.544‡
HR (bpm)            
RE 68.25±11.24 72.50±13.25 69.95±11.61 67.85±10.09 66.35±9.93 0.001∗
CON 58.80±9.37 64.85±11.05 61.35±10.04 59.95±9.14 58.85±9.91 0.013†
            0.819‡
RPP            
RE 7,570.00±1,498.91 8,644.00±1,678.18 8,318.40±1,495.92 7,556.90±1,196.10 7,330.25±1,148.34 4 0.001∗
CON 6,571.70±1,169.20 8,078.50±1,466.74 7,717.35±1,493.79 6,920.75±1,142.03 6,704.10±1,194.89 9 0.085†
            0.208‡

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CPT: cold pressor test, SBP: systolic blood pressure, RE: resistance exercise trial, CON: control trial, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, PP: pulse pressure, HR: heart rate, RPP: rate pressure product. ∗Time effect;

Trial effect;

Time×trial interactive effect.