JKANA Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 1225-9330 2288-4955 Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 10.11111/jkana.2018.24.2.118 jkana-24-118 Original Article Effects of Group Art and Music Therapy in Newly Hired Nurses: A Mixed Method Study DooEun-Young1 SeoHyung-Eun2 ChoiSujin2 ChangBo-Kyung3 KimMiyoung4 Graduate School, Ewha Womans Uiversity ․ Nursing Department, Myongji Hospital Graduate School, Ewha Womans Uiversity Nursing Department, Myongji Hospital College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University Corresponding author: Kim, Miyoung, College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3277-6694, Fax: +82-2-3277-2850, E-mail: mykim0808@ewha.ac.kr 032018 17032018 242 118129 17102017 18122017 22012018 Copyright © 2018 Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2018 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Purpose:

This study was done to evaluate the effects of group art and music therapy on decreasing job stress and increasing resilience of newly hired nurses.

 Methods:

A mixed method design was used. Quantitative data (N=35) were collected through questionnaires from November 2 to December, 5, 2016 and were analyzed using a one-tailed paired t-test by SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Qualitative data (N=18) were collected through group and individual interviews from November 10, 2016 to February 3, 2017 and were analyzed using a qualitative thematic analysis.

 Results:

The first hypothesis “participants will have lower job stress after the art and music therapy” was not statistically supported (t=-1.12, p=.270). The second hypothesis, “participants will have higher resilience after the art and music therapy” was supported (t=-2.13, p=.041). Four main themes were derived from the interviews: ‘looking into myself’, ‘feeling a camaraderie’, ‘healing of my mind and body’, ‘change in the intimidated self,’

 Conclusion:

The findings indicate that art and music therapy for newly hired nurses may positively influence resilience. Hospital organizations should utilize the therapy for newly hired nurses to improve their resilience so that they can realize their own values and increase positive emotion despite job stress.

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Mixed method design.

Art and Music Therapy Program

Stages Contents Time
(1) Art therapy program Introduction ․ Self introduction 20 min
․ Sharing the thoughts about stress sources, how to solve the sources, and active relaxation with one another
Task discussion ․ Drawing flowers 60 min
․ Painting people in the rain
․ Feedback on the painting
Closing ․ Sharing the feelings after the therapy with each other 10 min
(2) Music therapy program Introduction ․ Sharing the current emotional feelings 20 min
․ Listening to music
․ Following postures
․ Mirroring
Activity ․ Playing instruments 60 min
․ Improvisation
Closing ․ Singing 10 min
․ Sharing the changed emotional feelings with each other

General Characteristics of Participants (N=35)

Characteristics Categories n(%) M±SD
Gender Female 34 (97.1)
Male 1 (2.9)
Age (year) 22 11 (31.4) 23.0±0.91
23 16 (45.7)
24 5 (14.3)
25 3 (8.6)
Religion Yes 18 (51.4)
No 17 (48.6)
Education 3 year diploma 5 (14.3)
≥4 year bachelor 30 (85.7)
Type of department General ward 11 (31.4)
Intensive care unit 12 (34.3)
Emergency room 8 (22.9)
Operation room 4 (11.4)
Clinical experience 4 6 (17.1) 5.57±0.78
(month) 5 3 (8.6)
6 26 (74.3)
Placed on desired unit Yes 25 (71.4)
No 10 (28.6)
Experience of None 31 (88.6)
unit transfer Once 4 (11.4)
Relationship with a Very satisfied 16 (45.7)
preceptor Satisfied 14 (40.0)
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 3 (8.5)
Dissatisfied 1 (2.9)
Very dissatisfied 1 (2.9)
Relationship with two Very satisfied 1 (25.0)
preceptors due to unit Satisfied 1 (25.0)
transfer (n=4) Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 1 (25.0)
Dissatisfied 1 (25.0)
Very dissatisfied 0 (0.0)
Reasons to choose A career in nursing was recommended by family and relatives 13 (37.2)
a career in nursing A career in nursing fits aptitude and interest 6 (17.1)
Nurses help other people 4 (11.4)
A career in nursing makes getting a job easy 3 (8.6)
A career in nursing is a profession 9 (25.7)
A career in nursing provides opportunities to go abroad 0 (0.0)

Differences in Job Stress and Resilience before and after Art and Music Therapy (N=35)

Variables Before After t* p
M±SD M±SD
Job stress 3.29±0.45 3.35±0.46 -1.12 .270
Interpersonal relationship 2.94±0.66 3.08±0.57
Nursing performance 3.62±0.49 3.70±0.54
Role 2.95±0.67 2.89±0.80
Environment 3.23±0.57 3.18±0.61
Resilience 3.04±0.40 3.15±0.39 -2.13 .041
Toughness 3.17±0.41 3.30±0.45
Patience 2.89±0.51 3.01±0.50
Optimism 3.00±0.46 3.04±0.47
Support 2.93±0.81 3.04±0.83
Spirituality 3.30±0.77 3.39±0.63

*One-tailed paired t-test.