J Korean Acad Nurs Adm JKANA Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 1225-9330 2288-4955 Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 10.11111/jkana.2016.22.1.99 Original Article Development of Nursing Workplace Spirituality Instrument: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Suk Jung Won 1 Koh Myung Suk 2 Department of Nursing, Sahmyook Health University College, Korea. Department of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Korea. Corresponding author: Koh, Myung Suk. Department of Nursing, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3399-1586, Fax: +82-2-3399-1594, kohms@syu.ac.kr 01 2016 31 01 2016 22 1 99 108 08 10 2015 24 12 2015 21 01 2015 Copyright © 2016 Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2016 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop a nursing workplace spirituality instrument.

 Methods

Using 44 preliminary items which were developed in a former study, a survey was done with 469 nurses working in 2 city general hospitals. Data were collected from September 19 to October 10, 2014 and were analyzed using statistical packages SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0.

 Results

The finalized Nursing Workplace Spirituality instrument consisted of 32 items and 6 sub factors: meaning of nursing, relationship with colleagues, transcendency through nursing service, inner self, interaction between the workplace environments, and harmony between individual and organization. A seven-point Likert scale was employed, and achieving a higher score in a particular factor and sum of all scores indicated high factor and Nursing Workplace Spirituality.

 Conclusion

Findings indicate that with this instrument, it is possible to understand nursing organization's workplace spirituality. Therefore this instrument is recommended for use in hospitals.

 Nurses Spirituality Workplace

This article is based on a part of the first author's doctoral dissertation from Samhyook University.

 Maslow AH The farther reaches of human nature New York Viking 1971 Lee WH Spiritual need assessment, spiritual nursing care Sahmyook University Nursing Department Symposium 1996.11.25 Yu GC Seo JH Kim JI Conceptual definitions and model of workplace spirituality Korean Acad Manag 2010 18 4 153 199 Kim JI Kim YD Construct dimensions & measure for workplace spirituality: Literature review for development of workplace spirituality instrument 2011 Fall Conference of the Korean Academic Association of Business Administration 2011 November 51 71 Mitroff II Denton EA A study of spirituality in the workplace Sloan Manag Rev 1999 40 4 83 92 Covey SR The leader in me: How schools and parents around the world are inspiring greatness, one child at a time New York, NY Franklin Covey Co 2009 Ashmos DP Duchon D Spirituality at work: A conceptualization and measure J Manag Inq 2000 9 2 134 145 10.1177/105649260092008 Giacalone RA Jurkiewicz CL Toward a science of Workplace Spirituality. In RA Giacalone & CL Jurkiewicz (Eds.), Handbook of Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Performance New York, NY M. E. Sharpe 2003 3 28 Klenke K The "S" factor in leadership education, practice and research J Educ Bus 2003 79 1 56 56 10.1080/08832320309599089 Thompson CM The congruent life: Following the inward path of fulfilling work and inspired leadership San Francisco Jossey-Bass 2000 Heo KS Workplace spirituality and its relationship to leadership: A literary review and critique J Human Resour Manag Res 2013 17 1 329 336 Roh SC The impact of workplace spirituality on organizational effectiveness [Dissertation] Seoul Sungkyunkwan University 2013 Milliman J Czaplewski AJ Ferguson J Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment J Organ Chang Manag 2003 16 4 426 447 10.1108/09534810310484172 Koenig HG Concerns about measuring "spirituality" in research J Nerv Ment Dis 2008 196 5 349 355 10.1097/nmd.0b013e31816ff796 Chand P Koul H Workplace spirituality, organizational emotional ownership and job satisfaction as moderators in coping with job stress Int Conf Humanit, Econ Geogr 2012 03 17-18 225 229 Kumar T Pragadeeswaran S Effects of occupational stress on spiritual quotient among executives Int J Trade, Econ Finance 2011 2 4 288 292 10.7763/ijtef.2011.v2.119 Miller L Wickramaratne P Gameroff MJ Sage M Tenke CE Weissman MM Religiosity and major depression in adults at high risk: A ten-year prospective study Am J Psychiatry 2012 169 1 89 94 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10121823 Kazemipour F Mohd Amin S The impact of workplace spirituality dimensions on organizational citizenship behaviour among nurses with the mediating effect of affective organizational commitment J Nurs Manag 2012 20 1039 1048 10.1111/jonm.12025 DeVellis RF Scale development: Theory and applications 3nd ed California Sage Publications 2012 Suk JW Koh MS Development of preliminary factors for nursing workplace spirituality instrument Int J Appl Eng Res 2015 10 79 294 298 Kang H Discussions on the suitable interpretation of model fit indices and the strategies to fit model in structural equation modeling J Korean Data Anal Soc 2013 15 2 653 668 Lee HS Im JH Structural Equation Modeling with Amos 7.0 Paju Bubmunsa 2008 Polit DF Beck CT The Content Validity Index: Are you sure you know what's being reported? Critique and Recommendations Res Nurs & Health 2006 29 489 497 10.1002/nur.20147 Kim KS Amos 16.0 Analysis structual equation modeling Seoul Hannarae 2004 Bagozzi RB Yi Y On the evaluation of structural equation models J Acad Mark Sci 1988 16 1 79 94 10.1007/bf02723327 Fornell C Larcker DF Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error J Mark Res 1981 18 1 39 50 10.2307/3151312 Hair JF Anderson RE Tathan RL Black WC Multivariate data analysis 6th ed NY MacMillan Publishing Co 2006 1 899 Nunnally JC Psychometric theory 2nd ed NY McGrawHill Book Co 1978 Kinjersky V Skrypnek BJ Measuring the intangible: Development of the spirit at work scale Acad Manag Proc 2006 1 A1 A6 10.5465/ambpp.2006.22898605 Sheep ML Nailing down gossamer: A valid measure of the person-organization fit of workplace spirituality Acad Manag Proc 2004 2004 1 B1 B6 10.5465/ambpp.2004.13862520 The Fit Indices of the Model

RMSEA=Root mean square error of approximation; NFI=Normed fit index; IFI=Incremental fit index; TLI=Tucker-lewis index; CFI=Comparative fit index.

 The Confirmatory Factor Analysis

FL=Factor loading.

 Correlations among the factors

*AVE's square root.

 The Cronbach'α of the NWS

NWS=Nursing workplace spirituality.

 Nursing Workplace Spirituality Instrument and Its' means

NWS=Nursing workplace spirituality.