Korean J Nutr KJN Korean Journal of Nutrition 0367-6463 2005-7121 The Korean Nutrition Society 10.4163/kjn.2013.46.2.126 Research Article Association between oxidative stress and blood pressure in Korean subclinical hypertensive patients Han Jeong-Hwa 1 Lee Hye-Jin 1 Choi Hee Jeong 2 Yun Kyung Eun 3 Kang Myung-Hee 1 Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon 305-811, Korea. Department of Family Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 302-799, Korea. Health Screening Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul 100-742, Korea. To whom correspondence should be addressed. (mhkang@hnu.kr) 04 2013 30 04 2013 46 2 126 136 19 02 2013 12 03 2013 12 04 2013 © 2013 The Korean Nutrition Society 2013 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study was conducted in order to investigate the association between hypertension and oxidative stress-related parameters and to evaluate these parameters in subclinical hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects living in Korea. We attempted to determine whether oxidative stress-related parameters would differ between two groups of 227 newly-diagnosed, untreated (systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130 mmHg and diastolic BP ≥ 85 mmHg) and 130 normotensive subjects (systolic BP < 120 mmHg and diastolic BP < 80 mmHg). General characteristics of the subjects were collected using a simple questionnaire. From subjects' blood, degree of DNA damage in lymphocytes, the activities of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, level of plasma total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), glutathione, and anti-oxidative vitamins, as well as plasma lipid profiles and conjugated diene (CD) were analyzed. Evaluation of the associations of oxidative stress-related parameters with blood pressure of the subjects was performed using Pearson partial correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding factors. Several oxidative stress-related parameters were higher in subclinical hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. Plasma levels of α-tocopherol, β-carotene, TRAP, and activity of GSH-px were significantly lower in subclinical hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. Increased levels of DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were observed in subclinical hypertensive patients. These results confirm an association between blood pressure and oxidative stress-related parameters and suggest that the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in hypertension might be significant.

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General characteristics of the subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E. 2) SBP: systolic blood pressure 3) DBP: diastolic blood pressure 4) Pack-years = (Cigarettes smoked/day × years smoked)/20

*: p < 0.05, ***: p < 0.001

Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins, glutathione and TRAP in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E. 2) TRAP: total radical-trapping antioxidant potential

*: p < 0.05, ***: p < 0.001

Activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E.

*: p < 0.05, ***: p < 0.001

Levels of lymphocyte DNA damage in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) Measured with the comet assay 2) All values are Means ± S.E.

**: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

Plasma lipid profiles and conjugated diene in the normal and hypertensive subjects

1) All values are Means ± S.E.

***: p < 0.001

Pearson's partial correlation coefficients between blood pressure and antioxidant-related parameters in the subjects after adjusting age, sex, body weight, body fat, BMI and WHR

1) r = Pearson's partial correlation coefficients 2) p = probability 3) Measured with the comet assay 4) NS: not significant

Odds ratios (95% CI) for hypertension associated with oxidative stress-related parameters: Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis1)

1) Values are adjusted for age, sex, body weight (kg), body fat (%), BMI (Body mass index) and WHR (Waist hip ratio)

Pearson's partial correlation coefficients between lymphocyte DNA damage and antioxidant-related parameters in the subjects after adjusting age, sex, body weight, body fat, BMI and WHR

1) r = Pearson's correlation coefficient 2) p = probability 3) NS: not significant at α = 0.05