jbv Journal of Bacteriology and Virology J Bacteriol Virol 1598-2467 2093-0249 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology 10.4167/jbv.2016.46.4.319 jbv-46-319 Research Update (Minireview) Role of Coagulation Factor 2 Receptor during Respiratory Pneumococcal Infections ShinSeul Gi 1 BongYounghoon 2 LimJae Hyang 1 ∗ Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea Corresponding author: Jae Hyang Lim, DVM, PhD. Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, 07985, Korea. Phone: +82-2-2650-5832, Fax: +82-2653-8891, e-mail: jlim19@ewha.ac.kr

This study was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2012R1A1A104154 and intramural research promotion grants from Ewha Womans University School of Medicine.

 22016 922016 464 319325 13122016 14122016 14122016 Copyright © 2016 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology 2016 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract

Coagulation factor 2 receptor (F2R), also well-known as a protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1), is the first known thrombin receptor and plays a critical role in transmitting thrombin-mediated activation of intracellular signaling in many types of cells. It has been known that bacterial infections lead to activation of coagulation systems, and recent studies suggest that PAR1 may be critically involved not only in mediating bacteria-induced detrimental coagulation, but also in innate immune and inflammatory responses. Community-acquired pneumonia, which is frequently caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), is characterized as an intra-alveolar coagulation and an interstitial neutrophilic inflammation. Recently, the role of PAR1 in regulating pneumococcal infections has been proposed. However, the role of PAR1 in pneumococcal infections has not been clearly understood yet. In this review, recent findings on the role of PAR1 in pneumococcal infections and possible underlying molecular mechanisms by which S. pneumoniae regulates PAR1-mediated immune and inflammatory responses will be discussed.

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