To examine the differences in surgical results between non-accommodative esotropia (NAE) and partially accommodative esotropia (PAE).
This retrospective study included 47 patients undergoing surgery for pediatric esotropia, defined as esotropia with a decrease in the deviated angle of greater than ten prism diopters (PD) upon administration of hyperopic spectacles. On the other hand, NAE was defined as esotropia with a decrease in the deviated angle of less than 10PD. We compared age at surgery, deviated angle at surgery, frequency of amblyopia, and deviated angle at each postoperative period in two groups.
Twenty-nine patients belonged to the PAE group, and 18 patients belonged to the NAE group. The age at surgery in the PAE group was higher than that of the NAE group, and the deviated angle for surgical correction was smaller in the PAE group than in the NAE group. No statistically significant difference in the frequency of amblyopia presentation was found between the two groups. The surgical success rates were much higher in the PAE group at postoperative two years and at the final visit compared to those of the NAE group.
In esotropic children who underwent surgery, the long-term surgical success rate was highest in the cases in which the esotropic angle was decreased by hyperopic correction.
The comparison of surgical success rates between the two groups. The surgical success rate was higher in partially accommodative esotropia (PAE) than in non-accommodative esotropia (NAE). The success rate at the last follow-up was 83% in PAE group and 50% in NAE group.
The predictable period corresponding with the final surgical outcome in partially accommodative esotropia (PAE) and nonaccommodative esotropia (NAE). The predictable period for the final result after operation was 3, 6 months and 1, 2, 3 years after operation in PAE group (A) and 4, 5, 6 years after operation in NAE group (B), respectively.
PD=prism diopter; D=day; W=week; M=month; Y=year; Final=final follow-up; -=esotropia; +=exotropia.
Clinical features of patients with partially accommodative and non-accommodative esotropia
*PAE = partially accommodative esotropia; †NAE = non-accommodative esotropia; ‡D = diopter; §PD = prism diopter; ∥NA = not available.
Stereopsis tested by Titmus test at the final follow-up
Fusional ability by Worth 4-dot test at final follow-up