Factors Influencing Sleep Disturbances among Older Adults Living within a Community

Bo Min Jeon; Smi Choi-Kwon

doi:10.7475/kjan.2017.29.3.235

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Jeon and Choi-Kwon: Factors Influencing Sleep Disturbances among Older Adults Living within a Community

Original Article

Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2017; 29(3): 235-245.

Published online: 30 June 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.3.235

Factors Influencing Sleep Disturbances among Older Adults Living within a Community

Bo Min Jeon, MSN, RN¹, Smi Choi-Kwon, Ph.D., RN²

¹College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

²Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Choi-Kwon, Smi. College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea. Tel: +82-2-740-8830, Fax: +82-2-765-4103, smi@snu.ac.kr

Received 17 March 2017 Revised 16 June 2017 Accepted 22 June 2017

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

Reported insomnia and decreased sleep quality are common among older adults. The purpose of this study was to identify factors contributing to insomnia and decreased sleep quality among elderly persons living within a community. The data will be verified with Actigraph which is a non-invasive measurement of rest/activity cycles.

Methods

137 participants over 65 years old were recruited from a senior welfare center. Their mean age was 74.07±5.18 years old and majority was women (69.3%). The quality and quantity of nighttime sleep were assessed using Varren-synder-Halper Sleep Scale and a sleep log. Depression and fatigue were assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form and Fatigue Severity Scale, respectively. Pain was assessed using 11-point Numeric rating scale. An actigraph was used to verify the self-reported sleep.

Results

Ninety-two participants (67.2%) reported insomnia. Sixty-eight subjects (49.6%) reported good sleep. Of the participants, 56.2% reported depression and 33.6% reported fatigue. In logistic regression, depression was related to insomnia (OR=3.09, p=.003). Sleep quality was related to depression (OR=2.13, p=.045) and fatigue (OR=2.24, p=.044). The data from the Sleep logs correlated with data obtained from the actigraph.

Conclusion

Depression significantly influenced insomnia and sleep quality whereas fatigue only influenced sleep quality. Thus, depression and fatigue should be closely monitored among elderly persons with sleep disturbances.

Keywords: Insomnia, Depression, Fatigue, Pain

Figures and Tables

Table 1

General Characteristics of Participants (N=137)

Table 2

Insomnia Related Factors (N=137)

VSH score=Verran-Snyder-Halpern score, SL=sleep latency, TBT=total bed time, TST=total sleep time, #Awake=number of awake during sleep, WASO=wake after sleep onset, SE=sleep efficiency.

Table 3

Nighttime Sleep Quality Related Factors (N=137)

SL=sleep latency, TBT=total bed time, TST=total sleep time, #Awake=number of awake during sleep, WASO=wake after sleep onset, SE=sleep efficiency.

Table 4

Factors Influencing Insomnia on Logistic Regression Analysis (N=137)

OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval.

Table 5

Factors Influencing Nighttime Sleep Quality on Logistic Regression Analysis (N=137)

OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval.

Notes

This study was supported by Korea Science Foundation(No. 810-20150019).

This manuscript is a condensed form of the first author's master's thesis from Seoul National University.

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