Dietary Reference Intakes for Protein: Protein Requirement and Estimation Method, AMDR (Amount of Macronutrient Distribution Range), for Protein

Soon Ok Chang

doi:10.4163/kjn.2011.44.4.338

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Chang: Dietary Reference Intakes for Protein: Protein Requirement and Estimation Method, AMDR (Amount of Macronutrient Distribution Range), for Protein

Review

Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2011; 44(4): 338-343.

Published online: 11 August 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2011.44.4.338

Dietary Reference Intakes for Protein: Protein Requirement and Estimation Method, AMDR (Amount of Macronutrient Distribution Range), for Protein

Soon Ok Chang

Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 445-743, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (sochang@suwon.ac.kr)

Received 8 August 2011 Accepted 10 August 2011

Abstract

This study assessed the current EAR, RDA, and AMDR for protein, which were set in 2005 and revised in 2010 as the DRIs for Koreans. A classical approach to establish the EAR for protein has been the nitrogen balance method. This method has practical limitations and problems in statistical analysis by giving over estimations of nitrogen balance. Thus, the present EAR for protein might be lower than the true requirement. Recent reevaluations of nitrogen balance studies by bilinear regression analysis and the IAAO method have indicated that the EAR of 0.66 g/kg bw/d should be increased by 39% to give 0.92 g/kg bw/d. The AMDR for protein in the Korean DRIs was set at 7-10%, which covers almost the entire population's protein intake. Since the 5th percentile of Korean protein intake is close to 10% of energy and due to the beneficial effects of protein beyond the maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium, the lower range of 7% needs to be increased up to 10%. For practical meal arrangement, 15% of energy as protein, which is close to the average protein intake of Koreans, seems to be proper, although the value is almost two times the EAR.

Keywords: protein EAR, nitrogen balance method, IAAO method, AMDR for protein

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Relation between various nitrogen intakes and the mean nitrogen balance from 28 nitrogen balance studies. The breakpoint estimates the mean nitrogen requirement. Cited from Humayun et al.19)

Fig. 2

Relation between various protein intakes and the rate of appearance of orally administerd ¹³C-phenylalanine as breath ¹³CO₂ in 8 healthy men. The breakpoint estimates the mean protein requirement. Cited from Humayun et al.19)

Table 1

Protein energy percentage compared to protein AMDR1)

1) Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range 2) Percentage of protein energy calculated as [mean protein intake, (g) × 4 kcal]/energy, (kcal) in each population group (Data from korean HANES, 2005) 3) Mean ± SD

Notes

This research was support by a grant (09082KFDA042) from Korea Food & Drug Administration in 2009.

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