Journal List > Korean J Women Health Nurs > v.24(2) > 1100173

Kang, Yi, and Park: Factors related to the Identification of Middle-Aged Women Who are Disadvantaged by Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate factors related to cardio-cerebrovascular disease and groups disadvantaged by it in Korean middle-aged women, using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

Methods

The present study was conducted with 1,627 middle-aged women, aged 40 to 64 years, who participated in the 7th (2016) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Results

Cardio-cerebrovascular disease among middle-aged women was associated with quality of life, menopause, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and family history of hypertension. The incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in middle-aged women was found to be the most prevalent in women who have entered menopause, have a family history of hypertension, and have a body mass index greater than 30.0 kg/m2.

Conclusion

This study classifies the subjects according to the risk level of each disadvantaged group for cardio-cerebrovascular disease prevention and management in middle-aged women. The results provide evidence to support a tailored car-dio-cerebrovascular disease prevention and management program based on the related factors of disadvantaged groups and to establish strategies in educational and practical aspects.

References

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Figure 1.
Middle-aged women who are disadvantaged to cardio-cerebrovascular disease in decision tree.
kjwhn-24-185f1.tif
Table 1.
Characteristics in Subjects (N=1,627
Variables Characteristics Categories   n(%) M±SE
Demographic Education level ≤Elementary school 249 (16.2)  
    Middle school   212 (14.1)  
    High school   600 (40.8)  
    ≥College   449 (28.9)  
  Marital status Single   36 (2.5)  
    Married   1,591 (97.5)  
  Economic activity Yes   908 (60.2)  
    No   604 (39.8)  
  Stress Rarely   203 (12.8)  
    A little bit   967 (62.5)  
    A lot   314 (20.0)  
    Very much   73 (4.8)  
  Quality of life       0.96±0.00
Health behavior Smoking Yes   134 (9.0)  
    No   1,424 (91.0)  
  Drinking Yes   1,358 (86.8)  
    No   200 (13.2)  
  Moderate physical activity Yes   81 (5.4)  
  during work No   1,432 (94.6)  
  Physical activity on the move Yes   902 (60.5)  
    No   611 (39.5)  
  Moderate physical activity Yes   346 (23.5)  
  during leisure No   1,167 (76.5)  
  Walking       3.90±0.07
Clinical Menopause Yes   862 (57.9)  
    No   646 (42.1)  
  Presence/absence of diabetes Normal   1,001 (67.9)  
  mellitus Impaired fasting glucose 329 (22.0)  
    Diabetes mellitus 150 (10.1)  
  Hypercholesterolemia Yes   401 (26.8)  
    No   1,079 (73.2)  
  Hypertriglyceridemia Yes   138 (12.7)  
    No   1,008 (87.3)  
  Body mass index       23.82±0.12
  Waist circumference       80.18±0.33
  Glycated hemoglobin       5.71±0.02
  Family history Hypertension Yes 751 (51.1)  
      No 711 (48.9)  
    Hyperlipidemia Yes 155 (10.6)  
      No 1,305 (89.4)  
    Ischemic heart Yes 127 (8.7)  
    disease No 1,333 (91.3)  
    Stroke Yes 247 (17.1)  
      No 1,222 (82.9)  
Table 2.
Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease in Subjects (N=1,627)
Characteristics Yes No
n(%) n(%)
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease 308(18.9) 1,319(81.1)
Hypertension 292(17.2) 1,335(82.8)
Stroke 18(1.2) 1,609(98.8)
Myocardial infarction 4(0.3) 1,623(99.7)
Angina pectoris 15(0.9) 1,612(99.1)
Table 3.
Factors related to Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease (N=1,627
Variables Characteristics Categories Cardio-cerebrovascular disease
  OR 95% CI
Demographic Education level ≤Elementary school 1.70 0.85∼3.38
    Middle school   1.02 0.51∼2.03
    High school   1.09 0.65∼1.85
    ≥College   1  
  Marital status Single   1 0.37∼6.83
    Married   1.60  
  Economic activity Yes   0.81 0.53∼1.23
    No   1  
  Stress Rarely   1 0.65∼2.42
    A little bit   1.26 0.68∼3.15
    A lot   1.47 0.39∼3.47
    Very much   1.17  
  Quality of life     0.73 0.59∼0.92
Health behavior Smoking Yes   0.83 0.37∼1.84
    No   1  
  Drinking Yes   0.87 0.51∼1.50
    No   1  
  Moderate physical activity Yes   1 0.47∼2.92
  during work No   1.17  
  Physical activity on the move Yes   1 0.75∼1.99
    No   1.22  
  Moderate physical activity Yes   1 0.64∼1.76
  during leisure No   1.06  
  Walking     1.00 0.92∼1.09
Clinical Menopause Yes   3.21 1.95∼5.29
    No   1  
  Presence/absence of diabetes Normal   1 0.70∼1.90
  mellitus Impaired fasting glucose 1.16 1.36∼6.19
    Diabetes mellitus   2.90∗∗  
  Hypercholesterolemia Yes   1.46 0.98∼2.17
    No   1  
  Hypertriglyceridemia Yes   1.00 0.55∼1.81
    No   1  
  Body mass index     1.20 1.06∼1.37
  Waist circumference     0.99 0.94∼1.04
  Glycated hemoglobin     0.95 0.72∼1.24
  Family history Hypertension Yes 3.68 2.32∼5.84
      No 1  
    Hyperlipidemia Yes 0.80 0.43∼1.50
      No 1  
    Ischemic heart Yes 2.06 0.99∼4.29
    disease No 1  
    Stroke Yes 1.50 0.94∼2.38
      No 1  

OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval

p<.01,

∗∗ p<.05.

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