Genotype of Varicella Zoster Virus Isolated from Korean Elderly Patients with Herpes Zoster

Young Ju Choi; Kye Hyung Kim; Myoung Don Oh

doi:10.3947/ic.2010.42.3.162

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Choi, Kim, and Oh: Genotype of Varicella Zoster Virus Isolated from Korean Elderly Patients with Herpes Zoster

Original Article

Infection & Chemotherapy

Infection & Chemotherapy 2010; 42(3): 162-170.

Published online: 30 June 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2010.42.3.162

Genotype of Varicella Zoster Virus Isolated from Korean Elderly Patients with Herpes Zoster

Young Ju Choi¹, Kye Hyung Kim², Myoung Don Oh, ²

¹Infectious Diseases Clinic, National Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Myoung Don Oh, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongrogu Daehakro 101 (Yungundong 28), Seoul 110-744, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2072-2945, Fax: +82-2-765-6354, mdohmd@snu.ac.kr

Received 24 December 2009 Revised 15 March 2010 Accepted 15 March 2010

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

Herpes zoster develops via reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus (VZV) in neuronal ganglia as host immunity declines. In Korea, seroprevalence of VZV is very high and population at risk for herpes zoster is increasing. The goal of this study is to evaluate the infection rate of the VZV and the lifetime prevalence of herpes zoster, and to determine the genotype of VZV.

Materials and Methods

Serum IgG antibody titer was measured in 399 patients. Lifetime prevalence of herpes zoster was evaluated through a survey of 2,054 participants. VZV was isolated by cell culture technique using MRC-5 cells. To determine the genotype of VZV, ORF 22, 38, 54, 62 were amplified by PCR, and after digestion of the PCR products with enzymes pstI, bglI, and smaI, restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism (RFLP) was analysed. The amplified ORF 22 PCR product was sequenced and checked for single nucleotide polymorphisms.

Results

The overall seroprevalence of VZV IgG in adults was 93.9% (375/399). The overall lifetime prevalence of herpes zoster was 13.7% (282/2,054). Of the patients with herpes zoster, 17.7% (50/282) of patients experienced postherpetic neuralgia for more than one month. All 22 VZV isolates were of J genotype; 21 (95.4%) isolates were all pstI⁺ bglI⁺ smaI^-, and 1 (4.5%) isolate was pstI^- bglI⁺ smaI^- (pOka) genotype.

Conclusions

The seroprevalece of VZV IgG antibody was 93.9% in adults. The lifetime prevalence of herpes zoster was 13.7%. The genotype of VZV isolated from adults over 60 years old were all of J genotype.

Keywords: Herpes zoster, Varicella zoster virus, Seroprevalence, Genotype

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

RFLP Pattern of ORF 38, 54, and 62 Product Digested with pstI, bglI, smaI. A) A 350bp ORF 38 product was digested with pstI. The product yielded 2 fragments of 250bp and 100bp in size. B) Digestion of 268bp ORF 62 product with smaI yielded 3 fragments 153bp, 79bp, 36bp in size. C) Digestion of 222bp ORF 54 product with bglI yielded 2 fragments 137bp and 87bp in size.

Table 1

Sequences of Primers Used to Amplify Sites ORF 22, 38, 54, and 62

Four sets of primer sequences were used to amplify pstI, bglI, smaI restriction sites in ORF 38, 54, and 62. ORF 22 primer was designed to amplfy a 447bp sized segment for SNP analysis to evaluate M type.

Table 2

Prevalence and Mean titer of VZV IgG Antibody according to Age Groups

No, number; VZV, varicella zoster virus; SD, standard deviation

Cutoff values were designated <0.8 as negative, 08-1.2 as equivocal and >1.2 as positive. Equivocal specimens were considered positive.

Table 3

Prevalence of Herpes Zoster according to Age Group and Sex

NA, Not Available

Table 4

Prevalence and Duration of Postherpetic Neuralgia in 282 Patients with a History of Herpes Zoster

Table 5

RFLP Analysis and Final Genotype of VZV Isolated from 22 Elderly Korean Patients

^*could not be identified ny RFLP analysis. Identified by SNP analysis as J genotype.

Table 6

SNP Analysis of ORF 22 in VZV Isolated from 22 Elderly Korean Patients

Dumas, Dumas strain (E genotype, Genbank accession no. 9625875); pOka, Oka parental strain (J genotype, Genbank accesion no. 26665422

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