Journal List > J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs > v.26(3) > 1058379

Yu and Kim: A Study on the Health Risk Behaviors of Adolescents from Multicultural Families according to the Parents' Migration Background

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to compare health risk behaviors among adolescents according to whether or not the parents were born in South Korea.

Methods

From the database of the ninth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), the researchers classify adolescents into four groups: those whose parents were both native Korean, those whose mother only was a native Korean, those whose father only was a native Korean, and those whose parents were both foreign-born. Data were analyzed using χ2-test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program.

Results

The adolescents with a foreign-born mother were less likely to smoke and drink alcohol than those with native Korean parents, but for other health risk behaviors the two groups were similar to each other. The adolescents with a foreign-born father were at a greater risk of drug use, intercourse, depression and violence at school than those with native Korean parents. The adolescents whose parents were born abroad were at a greater risk of smoking, drug use, intercourse, depression, suicidal ideation and violence at school than those with native Korean parents.

Conclusion

Health promotion approaches differentiated by the type of multi-cultural family are needed in order to improve multi-cultural adolescents' health.

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Characteristics of Sociodemographic by Parent's Country Origin among Adolescents (N=72,435)

jkachn-26-190-i001
Variables Categories A group B group C group D group x2 p
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Group sum 94 (100.0) 88 (100.0) 622 (100.0) 71,631 (100.0)
Region Metropolitan 33 (43.2) 44 (51.3) 160 (29.0) 32,303 (44.1) 139.67 <.001
Medium & small city 53 (50.8) 37 (45.3) 270 (51.5) 30,677 (49.1)
Rural 8 (6.0) 7 (3.4) 192 (19.5) 8,651 (6.8)
School type Middle school 38 (49.4) 39 (41.6) 393 (62.7) 36,060 (48.7) 75.96 <.001
General high school 21 (28.9) 35 (41.4) 156 (26.6) 28,908 (42.6)
Vocational high school 35 (21.7) 14 (17.0) 73 (10.7) 6,663 (8.7)
Gender Male 49 (53.5) 48 (55.7) 306 (50.7) 36,252 (52.3) 0.92 0.876
Female 45 (46.5) 40 (44.3) 316 (49.3) 35,379 (47.7)
Self-reported school achievement High 27 (33.9) 31 (33.7) 167 (24.8) 24,770 (34.7) 44.85 <.001
Medium 22 (21.1) 8 (10.1) 172 (28.5) 19,946 (28.1)
Low 45 (45.0) 49 (56.2) 283 (46.7) 26,915 (37.2)
Household economic status Upper 28 (37.7) 25 (29.9) 109 (18.8) 22,585 (32.4) 102.35 <.001
Medium 27 (29.1) 28 (32.4) 300 (47.2) 34,139 (47.4)
Lower 39 (33.2) 35 (37.7) 213 (34.0) 14,907 (20.2)
Living with parents None 14 (12.7) 12 (17.3) 12 (1.7) 2,374 (2.8) 140.78 <.001
One 18 (16.7) 34 (36.9) 93 (14.7) 10,181 (13.7)
Both 62 (70.6) 42 (45.8) 517 (83.6) 59,076 (83.5)
Father's education (year) ≤9 14 (13.9) 19 (22.0) 120 (18.2) 2,598 (3.4) 546.30 <.001
10~13 24 (23.0) 19 (20.7) 231 (40.4) 23,661 (33.2)
≥14 22 (25.1) 37 (43.6) 90 (17.6) 31,213 (48.1)
Unknown 34 (38.0) 13 (13.6) 139 (23.8) 10,938 (15.3)
Mother's education (year) ≤9 18 (21.4) 7 (15.1) 54 (7.5) 2,491 (3.2) 214.61 <.001
10~13 28 (21.7) 18 (29.2) 203 (32.7) 29,881 (43.0)
≥14 24 (30.0) 27 (45.7) 192 (31.9) 25,532 (38.9)
Unknown 24 (26.9) 8 (10.0) 173 (27.9) 10,646 (14.9)

n (%)=n: unweighted; %: weighted; A group=adolescents whose parents were born abroad; B group=adolescents whose only mother was native Korean; C group=adolescents whose only father was native Korea; D group=adolescents whose parents were native Korean.

Table 2

Characteristics of Health Behavior Factors by Parent's Country Origin among Adolescents (N=72,435)

jkachn-26-190-i002
Variables Categories A group B group C group D group x2 p
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Group sum 94 (100.0) 88 (100.0) 622 (100.0) 71,631 (100.0)
Smoking Yes 45 (46.6) 34 (39.1) 107 (17.6) 15,409 (21.4) 48.25 <.001
No 49 (53.4) 54 (60.9) 515 (82.4) 56,222 (78.6)
Alcohol use Yes 53 (51.1) 43 (54.1) 210 (33.6) 31,507 (43.5) 24.63 <.001
No 41 (48.9) 45 (45.9) 412 (66.4) 40,124 (56.5)
Drug use Yes 15 (19.6) 16 (24.2) 9 (1.8) 696 (1.0) 715.17 <.001
No 79 (80.4) 72 (75.8) 613 (98.2) 70,935 (99.0)
Sexual activity Yes 42 (48.3) 29 (39.2) 28 (4.9) 3,768 (5.3) 467.01 <.001
No 52 (51.7) 59 (60.8) 594 (95.1) 67,863 (94.7)
Depression Yes 45 (49.4) 46 (57.1) 186 (32.4) 22,153 (30.8) 39.59 <.001
No 49 (50.6) 42 (42.9) 436 (67.6) 49,478 (69.2)
Suicidal ideation Yes 29 (34.5) 20 (25.0) 110 (18.9) 11,911 (16.5) 24.05 <.001
No 65 (65.5) 68 (75.0) 512 (81.1) 59,720 (83.5)
Violence at school Yes 26 (32.5) 22 (28.4) 20 (3.5) 2,372 (3.3) 363.44 <.001
No 68 (67.5) 66 (71.6) 602 (96.5) 69,259 (96.7)
Internet overuse Yes 16 (18.6) 9 (8.2) 100 (16.2) 8,043 (11.3) 15.71 .002
No 78 (81.4) 79 (91.8) 522 (83.8) 63,588 (88.7)

n (%)=n: unweighted; %: weighted; A group=adolescents whose parents were born abroad; B group=adolescents whose only mother was native Korean; C group=adolescents whose only father was native Korea; D group=adolescents whose parents were native Korean.

Table 3

Health Risk Behavior by Parent's Country Origin (N=72,435)

jkachn-26-190-i003
Variables A group B group C group D group
aOR (CI) p aOR (CI) p aOR (CI) p
Smoking 2.84 (1.54~5.23) .001 1.24 (0.59~2.59) .557 0.70 (0.53~0.91) .010 1
Alcohol use 1.24 (0.70~2.18) .448 1.15 (0.61~2.16) .652 0.64 (0.51~0.80) <.001 1
Drug use 23.95 (11.25~50.98) <.001 15.24 (6.56~35.39) <.001 1.86 (0.85~4.06) .118 1
Sexual activity 14.86 (8.67~25.48) <.001 5.01 (2.53~9.93) <.001 1.01 (0.63~1.60) .972 1
Depression 2.10 (1.28~3.44) .003 3.44 (1.93~6.14) <.001 1.01 (0.79~1.28) .954 1
Suicidal ideation 2.43 (1.39~4.24) .002 0.97 (0.46~2.03) .938 1.07 (0.83~1.38) .558 1
Violence at school 13.24 (7.35~23.86) <.001 6.93 (3.24~14.81) <.001 1.01 (0.56~1.81) .976 1
Internet overuse 1.36 (0.70~2.64) .360 0.60 (0.23~1.54) .292 1.26 (0.95~1.67) .097 1

A group=adolescents whose parents were born abroad; B group=adolescents whose only mother was native Korean; C group=adolescents whose only father was native Korea; D group=adolescents whose parents were native Korean; Score is Logistic Regression Model with region, school type, self-reported school achievement, household economic status, living with parents, parent's education level as covariates

References

1. Statistics Korea. 2014 Korea youth statistics [Internet]. Seoul: Statistics Korea;2014. cited 2014 October 3. Available from: http://kostat.go.kr/wnsearch/search.jsp.
2. Ministry of Gender Equality & Family Republic of Korea. Annual statistics related to multicultural families [internet]. Seoul: Ministry of Gender Equality & Family Republic of Korea;2014. cited 2014 October 3. Available from: http://www.mogef.go.kr/korea/view/policy/policy02_05a.jsp?func=view&currentPage=0&key_type=&key=&search_start_date=&search_end_date=&class_id=0&idx=694571.
3. Lee JB, Lee SS, Kim JY, Kim HH, Hong EM, Lee HJ, et al. Multicultural understanding and social welfare. Paju: Yangseowon;2013. p. 122.
4. Kim HS, Kim DS. Adolescents of multi-cultural families and differential risks of suicidal behaviors. Korean J Sociol. 2014; 48(2):35–66.
crossref
5. Yoo SR, Choi CU. Report No.: 2014-53. 2014 Comprehensive survey of Korean youth. Research Report. Seoul: Ministry of Gender Equality & Family Republic of Korea;2014. 12.
6. Jeon GT, Jeong HS, Kim YS, Kim YR, Joo JS, Kim HY, et al. Report No.: 2012-59. A national survey on multicultural families 2012. Research Report. Seoul: Ministry of Gender Equality & Family Republic of Korea;2013. 01.
7. Jung KS, Kim YH, Park KE, Lee EA, Park JH, Lee SA, et al. Report No.: 2007-02. A study on the support policies for international marriage migrants based on a survey in Gyeonggi-do province. Policy Report. Suwon: Gyeonggido Family and Women's Research Institute;2007. 05.
8. Yang KM, Kim SK, Park JH, Jeong SH. Report No.: 11-R07. A Longitudinal study of children and adolescents from multi-cultural families II. Research Report. Seoul: National Youth Policy Institute;2011. 12.
9. Park JH, Nam JS. The language development and psychosocial adjustment of multicultural children. Stud Korean Youth. 2010; 21(2):129–152.
10. Nam SA, Baik JS. The effects of parenting attitude on school adjustment and self-esteem of child and early adolescent from multicultural families. J Korea Inst Youth Facil Environ. 2011; 9(1):3–12.
11. Choi YM, Im ST. The relationships between stress and school adjustment of adolescents with multicultural family background. J Eval Couns. 2012; 5(2):15–26.
12. Pascoe EA, Richman LS. Perceived discrimination and health: A meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2009; 135(4):531–554. DOI: 10.1037/a0016059.
crossref
13. Lee BS, Kim JS, Kim KS. Factors that affect the subjective health status of adolescents in multicultural families. J Korean Acad Public Health Nurs. 2013; 27(1):64–75. DOI: 10.5932/JKPHN.2013.27.1.64.
crossref
14. Park HS, Yu JH, Park BY. The relationship between stress and suicidal ideation among the Korean multi-cultural family adolescents. J Korea Inst Electron Commun Sci. 2013; 8(5):771–777.
crossref
15. Caldwell JT, Takahashi LM. Does attending worship mitigate racial/ethnic discrimination in influencing health behaviors? Results from an analysis of the California health interview survey. Health Educ Behav. 2014; 41(4):406–413. DOI: 10.1177/1090198114529127.
crossref
16. Flores E, Tschann JM, Dimas JM, Pasch LA, de Groat CL. Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and health risk behaviors among Mexican American adolescents. J Couns Psychol. 2010; 57(3):DOI: 10.1037/a0020026.
crossref
17. Hwang JH, Park SW. Age at smoking initiation and subsequent smoking among korean adolescent smokers. J Prev Med Public Health. 2014; 47(5):266–272. DOI: 10.3402/snp.v3i0.21890.
crossref
19. Jee YJ, Kim YH. A structural model for health risk behavior of late adolescents: Based on 2010 Korea adolescent health survey. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2014; 44(2):179–188.
crossref
20. Yoo IY, Lee JA. Subjective health status and happiness of adolescents in multi-cultural family environments. J Korean Soc Living Environ Syst. 2013; 20(5):699–707.
21. Smokowski PR, Bacallao ML, Cotter KL, Evans CBR. The effects of positive and negative parenting practices on adolescent mental health outcomes in a multicultural sample of rural youth. 2015; Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 46(3):333–345.
crossref
22. Shin HO, Yoon SS, Lee SG, Kim DH, Lee HG, Oh SY. Report No.: 201209. Policy and types of youth migrants. Policy Report. Seoul: Gender Equality and Family Committee;2012. 09.
23. Burns JJ, Cottrell L, Perkins K, Pack R, Stanton B, Hobbs G, et al. Depressive symptoms and health risk among rural adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004; 113(5):1313–1320.
crossref
24. Kim HM, Won SJ, Choi SH. Experiences of discrimination and psychological distress of children from multicultural families: Examining the mediating effect of social support. Korean J Soc Welf Stud. 2011; 42(1):117–149.
25. Brindis C, Wolfe AL, McCarter V, Ball S, Starbuck-Morales S. The associations between immigrant status and risk-behavior patterns in Latino adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 1995; 17(2):99–105.
crossref
26. Ko YK, Yoo IY, Kang KH, Lim JY, Kim MJ, Yoo HJ. Factors related to high-risk health behavior in middle school adolescents. J Korean Acad Child Health Nurs. 2006; 12(3):341–350.
27. Oh SB. An exploratory study on the opportunities and challenges faced by children of immigrant workers within the Korean education system. Stud Korean Youth. 2009; 20(3):305–334.
28. Yang KM, Jo HY. Report No.: 11-R32. Survey of youth migrants in Korea. Survey Report. Seoul: Korean Women's Development Institute;2011. 07.
29. Seol DH, Kim YT, Kim HM, Yoon HS, Lee Hk, Yim KT, et al. Report No.: 11-1460000-002610-01. Focusing on the policy of welfare and health. Research Report. Gwacheo: Ministry of Health and Welfare;2005. 06.
30. Park GY, Che YR, Kim BR. The analysis of risk factors influencing adolescent suicidal ideation in a multicultural family -Based on the 2012 Korean youth health risk behavior on-line survey. Korean J Health Serv Manage. 2013; 7(1):155–165. DOI: 10.12811/kshsm.2013.7.1.155x.
TOOLS
Similar articles