Journal List > J Korean Acad Oral Health > v.43(3) > 1134764

Kim, Kim, Byon, Lee, Jeong, and Kim: Association between components of metabolic syndrome and periodontitis in Korean adults aged 35–79 years

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (waist circumference, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hypertension) and periodontitis in Korean adults aged 35–79 years.

Methods

In this study, data from the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2013–2015) were analyzed. Among the 22,948 participants of the Sixth KNHANES, 8,314 participants, who were aged 35–79 years and had completed all systemic and oral health examinations and questionnaires, were included in this study. Confounding variables associated with the demographics and socioeconomic status and systemic and oral health-related behaviors were age, gender, household income, the educational level, smoking and drinking habits, the physical activity status, and frequency of daily toothbrushing. The independent variables were components of MetS, and the dependent variable was periodontitis.

Results

Periodontitis was diagnosed in 37.0% of the participants. The incidence of periodontitis among participants with MetS was 47.9%. The incidences of periodontitis among participants with three, four, and five components of MetS were 44.8%, 50.0%, and 56.2%, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis among participants with MetS was 1.43 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27–1.61). The participants with three, four, and five components of MetS showed a significantly higher OR for periodontitis than those with no components of MetS (three components, OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02–1.36; four components, OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.14–1.59; five components, OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.29–2.20).

Conclusions

A higher number of components of MetS augments the OR of periodontitis.

Figures and Tables

Table 1

The prevalence of periodontitis according to demographic socioeconomic status, and general and oral health related behavior of the subject

jkaoh-43-142-i001

*P-value by Chi-square test.

Table 2

The prevalence of periodontitis according to five components of MetS and the number of components

jkaoh-43-142-i002

MetS (Metabolic syndrome), There are three or more components of MetS; MetS 3, Three components of MetS; MetS 4, Four components of MetS; MetS 5, Five components of MetS; Low HDL-Cholesterol, Low High Density Lipid-Cholesterol.

*P-value by Chi-square test.

Table 3

Multivariable logistic regression analysis for association between periodontitis and components of MetS

jkaoh-43-142-i003

Dependent variable: Periodontitis (Yes).

OR, Odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% Confidence Interval.

a,b,cMultivariable logistic regression analysis. badjusted for Model 1 plus gender, age, education level and household income. cadjusted for Model 2 plus smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity and frequency of daily toothbrushing.

*Odds ratios and 95% Confidence Interval were analysed by complex sample multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Nagelkerke R-square Model 1: 5.7%, Model 2: 12.7%, Model 3: 14.8%.

Table 4

Multivariable logistic regression for factors associated to periodontitis with MetS, demographic socioeconomic status and general and oral health related behaviors

jkaoh-43-142-i004

Dependent variable: Periodontitis (Yes).

OR, Odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% Confidence Interval.

MetS (Metabolic syndrome), There are three or more components of MetS; MetS 3, There are three components of MetS; MetS 4, There are four components of MetS; MetS 5, There are five components of MetS.

*Odds ratios and 95% Confidence Interval were analysed by complex sample multivariable logistic regression analysis.

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TOOLS
ORCID iDs

Ji-Soo Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1571-4762

Se-Yeon Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-352X

Min-Ji Byon
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0359-9234

Jung-Ha Lee
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4737-7150

Seung-Hwa Jeong
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5173-2859

Jin-Bom Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8619-2741

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