Journal List > Korean J Community Nutr > v.17(5) > 1038384

Kwak, Cho, Yon, and Park: Anthropometric Index, Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake of the Oldest-old Population Aged 95 and Over Living in Seoul

Abstract

The population aged 95 years and older in Seoul approximately increased to five-fold over the past 10 years, while nationwide rates increased to three-fold. In order to examine the dietary habit and nutritional status of oldest-old population living in Seoul, we recruited 87 subjects (25 males and 62 females) aged 95 years and older. The prevalence of underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were 18.2% and 18.2% in males, and 20.8% and 9.4% in females, respectively. In self-assessment of health, only 25.3% answered to be unhealthy. More males exercised regularly and reported a wide range of activities than females. The average of %Kcal from carbohydrate, protein and fat (C : P : F) was 64.9 : 13.8 : 21.2 in males and 68.1 : 14.2 : 17.7 in females. The average daily energy intake was 1,307 kcal in males and 1,304 kcal in females. More than 75% of subjects were taking under estimated average requirements (EAR) for vitamin B1, B2 & C and Ca. The average of mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was 0.66 in males and 0.70 in females, and 28.8% of males and 12.9% of females were in MAR < 0.50. Based on MAR, 32.0% of males and 14.5% females were classified as normal and 16.0% of males and 25.8% of females were classified as malnourished. Our subjects were taking more animal food, especially milk and its products, compared to those living, in rural areas. However, a significant proportion did not meet the EAR for vitamin B1, B2 & C and Ca.

Figures and Tables

Table 1
General characteristics of subjects
kjcn-17-603-i001

1) Mean ± SD, 2) range (min-max), 3) N (%)

Table 2
Physical measurement
kjcn-17-603-i002

1) Mean ± SD, 2) range (min-max), ns: not significant

Table 3
Health status and life style
kjcn-17-603-i003

1) N (%), 2) Mean ± SD, 3) range (min-max), ns: not significant

Table 4
Dietary behavior
kjcn-17-603-i004

1) N (%), 2) Mean ± SD, 3) range (min-max), ns: not significant

Table 5
Average daily food intake (g/day)
kjcn-17-603-i005

1) Mean ± SD (%)

Table 6
The average daily nutrient intake of subjects
kjcn-17-603-i006

1) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2010 (KCDCP 2011)

2) Study on nutritional status of elderly aged 85 and more living in Soonchang-gun (Lee 2009)

3) male (n) / female (n), 4) Mean ± SD, 5) Mean for males/females

*: significantly different between gender at p < 0.05

Table 7
Percent EER and RI of nutrient intake of subjects
kjcn-17-603-i007

1) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2010 (KCDCP 2011)

2) Study on nutritional status of elderly aged 85 and more living in Soonchang-gun (Lee 2009)

3) male (n) / female (n), 4) mean for males/females, 5) Mean ± SD

**: Significantly different between gender at p < 0.01

Table 8
Prevalence of nutrient intake under EAR
kjcn-17-603-i008

1) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2010 (KCDCP 2011)

2) male (n) / female (n), 3) under 75% EER, 4) N (%), 5) mean for males/females, 6) Mean ± SD

Table 9
Index of Nutrient Quality (INQ) and Man Adequacy Ratio (MAR)
kjcn-17-603-i009

1) Mean ± SD, 2) N (%), ns: not significant

Significantly different between gender at *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01 or ***: p < 0.001

Table 10
Food intake diversity and meal balance
kjcn-17-603-i010

1) Mean ± SD, ns: not significant

Table 11
Mini-Nutrition Assessment (MNA) of subjects
kjcn-17-603-i011

1) Mean ± SD, 2) N (%), ns: not significant

significantly different between gender at p < 0.05* or p < 0.001***

Table 12
Nutrient intake and dietary factors according to nutritional status assessed by MNA
kjcn-17-603-i012

1) Mean ± SD, 2) means without common alphabet are significantly different each other within a same gender.

3) nEAR: number of nutrient under EAR, 4) nINQ < 1: number of nutrient with INQ < 1

Notes

This work was supported by Seoul city government grant (2009) and the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Korean government (2009-0093587)

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