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Abstract
Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) is the cause of a major respiratory illness in dogs. In this study, we analyzed adenovirus infections in dogs using 2000~2017 data from the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA) and conducted a serological survey of CAV-2 infection in six animal species in Korea. In total, 38 of the 3,179 dog samples were confirmed as canine adenovirus infections. In serological survey, 1,028 dog sera, 160 raccoon dog sera, 100 cattle sera, 257 sow sera, 206 horse sera, and 106 cat sera, collected from January 2016 to July 2018, were screened for the presence of anti-CAV-2 antibodies by virus neutralization test. The seropositivity rates for dogs, raccoon dogs, cattle, sows, horses, and cats were 88.5% (910/1,028), 51.3% (82/160), 85.0% (85/100), 48.6% (125/257), 35.0% (72/206), and 2.8%(3/106), respectively. Among dogs and raccoon dogs, 1.9% (20/1,028) and 8.8%(14/160), respectively, had a virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) titer of over 1:256. A high CAV-2 VNA titer indicates a repeated vaccination or natural infection in Korean dogs and circulation of CAV-2 in raccoon dog populations.
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Figure 1.
Number of canine adenovirus (CAV) infections confirmed by the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA) since 2000 (Y axis on the left) and number of dog samples sent to the APQA for diagnosis (Y axis on the right). Of 8,179 dog samples, 38 had CAV infections based on the autopsy, pathological and histological findings and polymerase chain reaction.
Figure 2.
Sero-prevalence of CAV-2 in dogs, raccoon dogs, cattle, sows, horses, and cats. The overall sero-prevalence of CAV-2 was 88.5% (910/1,028) in dogs, 51.3% (82/160) in raccoon dogs, 85.0% (85/100) in cattle, 48.6% (125/257) in sows, 35.0%(72/206) in horses, and 2.8% (3/106) in cats.
Table 1.
Distribution of CAV-2 virus neutralization antibody titers in dogs, raccoon dogs, horses, cattle, sows, and cats
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