Abstract
Figures and Tables
Table 1
Table 2
Author | Region | Study periods | Men | Women |
---|---|---|---|---|
Falch et al. (23) | Norway | 1988-1989 | 382 | 885 |
Lippuner et al. (24) | Switzerland | 2000 | 235 | 576 |
Ho et al. (25) | USA | 1988-1989 | 204 | 535 |
Sanders et al. (26) | Australia | 1996 | 193 | 490 |
Balasegaram et al. (22) | England | 1997 | 177 | 488 |
Lau et al. (21) | Hong kong | 1997-1998 | 195 | 468 |
Hagino et al. (27) | Japan | 2006 | 128 | 413 |
Lau et al. (21) | Singapore | 1997-1998 | 154 | 395 |
Lau et al. (21) | Thailand | 1988-1989 | 112 | 241 |
Lau et al. (21) | Malaysia | 1997-1998 | 83 | 195 |
Current study | Korea (Jeju island) | 2002 | 101 | 194 |
Korea (Jeju island) | 2011 | 114 | 278 |
Table 3
First author | Region | Year | Trend | Reason of change (studies that postulated only) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cassell E (1) | Australia (Victoria) | 2012 | T:-2.3% | Increase community dwelling populations |
1999-2009 | M:-2.3% | Increase osteoporosis screening and pharmacotherapy | ||
≥ 65 yr | F:-2.1% | Decrease smoking/alcohol habits | ||
annually | Increase healthy lifestyle | |||
Healthy migrant effect | ||||
Guilley E (12) | Switzerland | 2008 | M:+0.5% | Decrease in institution dwelling elderly population |
1991-2000 | F:-1.4% | |||
≥ 50 yr | annually | |||
Icks A (14) | Germany 1995-2004 | 2008 | T:+0.7% | NR |
≥ 20 yr | annually | |||
Maravic M (3) | France 2002-2008 | 2010 | M:+0.7% | NR |
≥ 40 yr | F:-1.3% | |||
annually | ||||
Abrahamsen B (11) | Denmark | 2010 | M:-2.0% | Extent of anti-osteoporotic medication |
1997-2006 | F:-2.2% | Smoking habit | ||
≥ 60 yr | annually | Obesity, national home visit programmes | ||
Improved general health and vitamin D supplementation | ||||
Leslie WD (6) | Canada | 2009 | T:-2.4% | Increase in the average number of reproductive years & Inc exposure to circulating |
1996-2005 | M:-2.0% | endogenous hormones | ||
≥ 55 yr | F:-2.4% | ↓smoking habits | ||
annually | ↑healthy lifestyle | |||
Johansson H (15) | Mexico 2000-2006 | 2010 | T:+3.2% | Socioeconomic prosperity that in turn may be related to low levels of physical activity |
(5 yr) | M:+3.5% | Urbanisation has resulted in a progressive increase in harder surfaces | ||
≥ 50 yr | F:+3.0% | Elderly population- increasingly frail & disability | ||
annually | Cohort phenomenon | |||
Koh LK (16) | Singapore | 2001 | M:+0.7% | NR |
1991-1998 | F:+1.2% | |||
≥ 50 yr | annually | |||
Fisher AA (18) | Australia | 2009 | T*:-8.5% | ↓ usage of HRT |
99/01-02/06 | M*:-1.5% | ↑ usage if biphosphanates | ||
≥ 60 yr | F*:-15.2% | |||
Bergshrom U (5) | Sweden | 2009 | F*:-35% | NR |
1994-2005 | ||||
≥ 50 yr | ||||
Lonnroos E (17) | Finland | 2006 | M:+0.5% | NR |
1992-2003 | F:+1.5% | |||
≥ 50 yr | annually | |||
Adams AL (13) | California USA | 2013 | M*:-15.3% | Improve overall health |
1997-2006 | F*:-15.5% | Better prevention and management of chronic condition | ||
≥ 45 yr | ||||
Melton LJ III (19) | USA | 2009 | M:-0.4% | NR |
1980-2006 | F:-1.4% | |||
≥ 50 yr | annually | |||
Current study | Korea | 2015 | T:+4.3% | Most highest increasing elderly population |
2002-2011 | M:+2.2% | |||
≥ 50 yr | F:+5.3% | |||
annually |
Notes
This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Korea (grant number: HI13C1522).
No benefits in any form have been received or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article.
Conception and coordination of the study: Ha YC, Kim SR. Design of ethical issues: Ha YC, Kim SR, Park YG, Nam KW. Acquisition of data: Park YG, Nam KW. Data review: Ha YC, Kim SR, Park YG, Nam KW. Statistical analysis: Ha YC, Kim SR. Manuscript preparation: Ha YC, Kim SR, Park YG, Nam KW. Manuscript approval: all authors.