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Abstract
Purpose
To identify differences in the refractive error of postoperative intermittent exotropia patients.
Methods
A total of 71 patients who had an average refractive error of 2 D and a follow-up of more than 6 months after unilateral recession-resection (R&R) for intermittent exotropia were included in this study. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their refractive error: Group 1, ≤-1.0 D; Group 2, −1.0 D ∼ +1.0 D; Group 3, ≥+1.0 D. The amounts of deviation 1 day after surgery and 6 months after surgery were evaluated.
Results
Out of the 71 total patients included in this study, group 1 included 20 patients, group 2 included 39, and group 3 included 12. The average refractive error in groups 1, 2, and 3 was −2.2 ± 0.9 D, 0.0 ± 0.4 D and +1.9 ± 0.9 D, respectively. The angle of deviation 1 day after surgery was measured in the 3 groups; A result labeled ‘+’ was considered to be exodeviation and a result labeled ‘-’ was considered to be esodeviation. The angle of deviation results for groups 1, 2, and 3 one day after surgery were −6.7 ± 6.0 PD, −7.5 ± 5.8 PD and −7.3 ± 5.9 PD (p = 0.937), respectively, and the results 6 months after surgery were +2.2 ± 4.3 PD, +4.7 ± 5.9 PD and +1.8 ± 2.8 PD (p = 0.076), respectively. Among the 3 groups, no statistically significant difference was observed in postoperative angle of deviation after 6 months.
References
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3. Raab EL, Parks MM. Recession of the lateral recti. Early and late postoperative alignments. Arch Ophthalmol. 1969; 82:203–8.
4. Kim HS, Suh YW, Kim SH, Cho YA. Consecutive esotropia in intermittent exotropia patients with immediate postoperative over-correction more than 17 prism diopters. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2007; 21:155–8.
5. Seo MS, Park HS, Park YG, Kim JB. A study on the consecutive esotropia after intermittent exotropia surgery. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc. 1994; 35:1327–34.
6. Jang JH, Park JM, Lee SJ. Factors predisposing to consecutive esotropia after surgery to correct intermittent exotropia. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012; 250:1485–90.
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Table 1.
Subject and subgroup demographics
| Number of subjects | Mean age (years) | Gender distribution (M:F) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1* | 20 | 11.4 ± 9.2 | 11:9 |
| Group 2† | 39 | 8.1 ± 6.9 | 21:18 |
| Group 3‡ | 12 | 8.8. ± 10.4 | 7:5 |
| 71 | 9.2 ± 8.2 | 39:32 |
Table 2.
Comparison of mean preoperative deviation and refractive errors in each group
|
Preoperative deviation |
Refractive error (diopter) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Near (PD) | Far | ||
| Group 1* | 25.6 ± 5.0 | 23.7 ± 3.6 | −2.2 ± 0.9 |
| Group 2† | 25.2 ± 6.0 | 24.8 ± 4.6 | 0.0 ± 0.4 |
| Group 3‡ | 26.2 ± 5.9 | 24.8 ± 4.5 | + 1.9 ± 0.9 |
Table 3.
Comparison of mean postoperative deviation and change of deviation for 6 months in each group
| Group 1* | Group 2† | Group 3‡ | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postoperative deviation (PD) | 1 day | −6.7 ± 6.0 | −7.5 ± 5.8 | −7.3 ± 5.9 | 0.937 |
| 6 months | +2.2 ± 4.3 | +4.7 ± 5.9 | + 1.8 ± 2.8 | 0.076 | |
| Change of deviation angle for 6 months (PD) | 8.8 ± 5.9 | 12.2 ± 6.1 | 9.0 ± 7.4 | 0.149 | |
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