Ocular Torsion Measured by Fundus Photographs and Optical Coherent Tomography in Normal Koreans

Hyung Lee Si; Young Kim So

doi:10.3341/jkos.2013.54.7.1091

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Si and So: Ocular Torsion Measured by Fundus Photographs and Optical Coherent Tomography in Normal Koreans

Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54(7):1091-1096.

Published online: 7 September 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2013.54.7.1091

Ocular Torsion Measured by Fundus Photographs and Optical Coherent Tomography in Normal Koreans

Hyung Lee Si, MD, Young Kim So, MD

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea

Address reprint requests to So Young Kim, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, #31 Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 330-721, Korea Tel: 82-41-570-2260, Fax: 82-41-576-2262 E-mail: ophdrkim@schmc.ac.kr

* This study was presented as a e-poster at the 108th Annual Meeting of the Korean Ophthalmology Society 2012.

Received 17 November 201219 February 2013 Accepted 5 May 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the normal range of ocular torsion in Koreans with no ophthalmologic history using fundus photo-graphs and optical coherence tomography and compare the results of the two methods.

Methods

Fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography were conducted in 400 eyes of 200 people with no oph-thalmologic history. ImageJ^® was used to measure the center of the optic nerve head to foveal angle with fundus photographs. For optical coherence tomography, the fovea-to-disc alignment function in the computer program was used to automati-cally calculate the angle. Then, the calculated angles measured by the two different methods were compared.

Results

In fundus photographs, the angle of the fovea from the center of the optic nerve head was 6.26 ± 2.92 degree in the right eye, 6.65 ± 2.58 degree in the left eye, and the mean value was 6.47 ± 2.76 degrees. From the automatic calcu-lation in optical coherence tomography, the angle of the fovea from the center of the optic nerve head was 6.12 ± 3.00 de-gree in the right eye, 6.83 ± 2.70 degree in the left eye, and the mean value was 6.52 ± 2.83 degrees. There was no statisti-cally significant difference between the results of the two different methods. In addition, no statistically significant differ-ence was observed between the right and left eyes, sexes, or ages.

Conclusions

When comparing the conventional method of measuring ocular torsion with fundus photographs to optical coherent tomography, the fovea-to-disc alignment function of the optical coherent tomography may be useful to automati-cally calculate the cyclotorsion.

Keywords: Fundus photography, Ocular torsion, Optical coherence tomography

References

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Figure 1.

(A) The measurement of disc foveal distance and angle. ‘a’ is horizontal optic disc center-foveal distance. ‘b’ is vertical optic disc center-foveal distance. ‘θ’ is the angle between the optic disc center and the fovea; tan θ = b/a. (B) The measurement of the optic disc center-foveal angle using ImageJ program. ‘a’ is a horizontal line drawn from the optic disc center. ‘b’ is a line drawn from the optic disc center to the fovea. ‘θ’ is the angle between the line a and b.

Figure 2.

The measurement of the angle between the optic disc center and the fovea using Spectralis optical coherent tomography. Heidelberg eye explorer software provides fo-vea-to-disc alignment function which can accurately measure the angle between the optic disc center and the fovea.

Table 1.

Age and sex distribution of subjects in this study

	No. (%)	Age (year)	Range (year)
Male	115 (57.5)	38.8 ± 17.3	3-74
Female	85 (42.5)	41.4 ± 19.7	10-79
Total	200 (100)	39.9 ± 18.4	3-79

Values are presented as mean ± SD. SD = Standard deviation.

Table 2.

Results of disc-foveal angle measured from fundus photographs and optical coherent tomography

Disc-foveal angle from fundus photographs Deviation (Degree)		Disc-foveal angle from OCT Deviation (Degree)	p-value^*
Right eye	6.15 ± 2.86	6.11 ± 2.84	0.74
Left eye	6.59 ± 2.51	6.75 ± 2.70	0.07
Total	6.37 ± 2.69	6.43 ± 2.78	0.34
Difference between eyes	2.98 ± 2.17	3.01 ± 2.35	0.84

Values are presented as mean ± SD. OCT = optical coherent tomography.

^* Paired t-test.

Table 3.

Mean value of disc-foveal angle measured from fundus photograph and optical coherent tomography according to age

Age (year)	0-19	20-39	40-59	≥60	p-value^*
Disc-foveal angle from fundus photographs (degree)	6.33 ± 2.88	6.59 ± 2.68	6.18 ± 2.59	6.38 ± 2.69	0.71
Difference between the eyes	3.15 ± 2.31	2.60 ± 1.83	3.03 ± 2.34	3.31 ± 2.20	0.41
Disc-foveal angle from OCT (degree)	6.48 ± 3.16	6.54 ± 2.77	6.12 ± 2.64	6.70 ± 2.55	0.49
Difference between the eyes	3.61 ± 2.13	2.48 ± 1.77	3.08 ± 2.69	2.98 ± 2.04	0.13

Values are presented as mean ± SD. OCT = optical coherent tomography.

^* ANOVA test.

Table 4.

The comparison of disc-foveal angle measured from fundus photograph and optical coherent tomography between male and female

	Male	Female	p-value
Disc-foveal angle from fundus photographs (degree)	6.36 ± 2.66	6.38 ± 2.75	NS^*
Difference between the eyes	3.01 ± 2.21	2.96 ± 2.14	NS^*
Disc-foveal angle from OCT (degree)	6.37 ± 2.75	6.50 ± 2.84	NS^*
Difference between the eyes	3.09 ± 2.41	2.91 ± 2.28	NS^*

Values are presented as mean ± SD. OCT = optical coherent tomography.

^* Not significant ( p > 0.05) by student t-test.

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