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Heo, Yoon, Shin, Moon, Chin, and Kwak: A Validation and Reliability Study of the Korean Version of National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25
Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(10):1354-1367.

Published online: 7 September 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2010.51.10.1354

A Validation and Reliability Study of the Korean Version of National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25

Jang Won Heo, MD, PhD1, Hee Seong Yoon, MD, PhD2, Jae Pil Shin, MD, PhD3, Sang Woong Moon, MD, PhD4, Hee Seung Chin, MD, PhD5, Hyung Woo Kwak, MD, PhD6

1Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

2Sungmo Eye Hospital, Busan, Korea

3Department of Ophthalmology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea

4Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea

5Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea

6Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Address reprint requests to Hyung Woo Kwak, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-702, Korea Tel: 82-2-958-8451, Fax: 82-2-966-7340, E-mail: hwkwak@khu.ac.kr

Received 16 February 2010       Accepted 1 June 2010

Copyright © 2010 Korean Ophthalmological Society

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To translate and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25).

Methods

Two bilingual ophthalmologists independently translated the original English version of the NEI-VFQ-25 into writ-ten Korean. A panel of the Korean Retina Society reviewed the translations to form a single reconciled forward translation of the Korean version of the NEI-VFQ-25. Another ophthalmologist back-translated this first draft into English. Both the first draft and back-translated draft were edited by a professional translator. To evaluate the correlation and validity, results between the original NEI-VFQ-25 and the Korean version, completed by the bilingual participants, were compared.

Results

The Korean version of the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 was developed by translation, back-translation, and expert supervision. Results from 23 bilingual participants between the original NEI-VFQ-25 and the Korean version were compared and showed statistically significant correlation, with a Spearman's correlation coefficient of 0.4 or greater. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test results showed no statistically significant differences between the two questionnaires.

Conclusions

Translation and validation of the Korean version of the NEI-VFQ-25 was achieved.

Keywords: NEI-VFQ-25, Quality of life questionnaire

References

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Table 1.
Correlation analysis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of composite score and sub-scale score between the NEI-VFQ-25 and the Korean version of National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25
Spearman (rho) p-value Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (Z) p-value
Composite score 0.711 0.000 0.590 0.878
General Health 0.739 0.000 0.590 0.878
General Vision 0.962 0.000 0.147 1.000
Ocular pain 0.770 0.000 0.442 0.990
Near activities 0.805 0.000 0.737 0.649
Distance activities 0.793 0.000 0.295 1.000
Social functioning 0.608 0.002 0.147 1.000
Mental health 0.910 0.000 0.442 0.990
Role difficulties 0.568 0.005 0.442 0.990
Dependency 0.596 0.003 0.295 1.000
Driving 0.479 0.136 0.426 0.993
Color vision 0.586 0.003 0.442 0.990
Peripheral vision 0.593 0.003 0.000 1.000
Table 2.
Correlation analysis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of each item between the NEI-VFQ-25 and the Korean version of National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test Spearman correlation coefficient
1 p = 0.878 0.739 p<0.01
2 p = 1.000 0.958 p<0.01
3 p = 0.990 0.917 p<0.01
4 p = 1.000 0.697 p<0.01
5 p = 0.414 0.802 p<0.01
6 p = 0.999 0.890 p<0.01
7 p = 1.000 0.550 p<0.01
8 p = 1.000 0.790 p<0.01
9 p = 1.000 0.690 p<0.01
10 p = 1.000 0.593 p<0.01
11 p = 1.000 0.670 p<0.01
12 p = 0.990 0.586 p<0.01
13 p = 1.000 0.579 p<0.01
14 p = 1.000 0.744 p<0.01
15 p = 1.000 0.917 p<0.01
15a p = 0.997 0.356 Not significant
15b p = 0.699 1.000 p<0.01
15c p = 1.000 0.804 p<0.01
16 p = 1.000 0.897 p<0.01
16a p = 0.664 0.371 Not significant
17 p = 1.000 0.604 p<0.01
18 p = 1.000 0.452 p<0.05
19 p = 0.878 0.613 p<0.01
20 p = 1.000 0.709 p<0.01
21 p = 1.000 0.702 p<0.01
22 p = 1.000 0.699 p<0.01
23 p = 1.000 0.527 p<0.01
24 p = 1.000 0.695 p<0.01
25 p = 1.000 0.621 p<0.01
A1 p = 1.000 0.915 p<0.01
A2 p = 1.000 0.715 p<0.01
A3 p = 1.000 1.000 p<0.01
A4 p = 1.000 0.881 p<0.01
A5 p = 1.000 0.896 p<0.01
A6 p = 1.000 0.825 p<0.01
A7 p = 1.000 0.768 p<0.01
A8 p = 1.000 0.714 p<0.01
A9 p = 1.000 0.713 p<0.01
A11a p = 1.000 0.873 p<0.01
A11b p = 1.000 0.894 p<0.01
A12 p = 1.000 0.905 p<0.01
A13 p = 1.000 0.817 p<0.01
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