Journal List > J Korean Acad Oral Health > v.40(3) > 1057692

TOOLS
Ma and Cho: Association of sleep time, stress, and depression with the oral health status of Korean adolescents
Original Article

J Korean Acad Oral Health 2016;40(3):178-182.

Published online: 15 September 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2016.40.3.178

Association of sleep time, stress, and depression with the oral health status of Korean adolescents

Jae-Kyung Ma1, Min-Jeong Cho2,

1Mir Dental Hospital, Daegu, Korea

2Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea

Corresponding Author: Min-Jeong Cho Department of Preventive Dentistry Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Korea Tel: +82-53-660-6875 Fax: +82-53-423-2947 E-mail: beijingjo@hanmail.net

Received 16 August 2016       Revised 30 August 2016       Accepted 9 September 2016

Copyright © 2016 by Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the association between the stress or depression and oral health status of Korean adolescents.

Methods

The subjects were 1,180 participants of the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), aged 12 to 18 years. All the collected data were analyzed by using the chi-square test, t test, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis with the SAS version 9.3 software. Multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship of stress or depression to oral health status, and 95% confidence intervals were computed.

Results

Cognitive stress and depression levels for >2 weeks correlated with permanent teeth caries index. In terms of cognitive status, oral health of “a little feeling” was poorer than that of “almost no feeling,” with significant statistical difference (P<0.05).

Conclusions

The present study provides further evidence to support the establishment of a school oral health clinic for adolescents and hopefully provide guidance in the planning for oral health education.

Keywords: Adolescent, Depression, Oral health status, Sleep time, Stress

References

1. Park HJ. Effects of sleep duration on suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents. J Korean Soc Sch Health. 2015; 28:1–9.
2. Park HJ, Kim HW, Ko SY, Lee JH. Moderating effects of oral health behaviors on the relation between daily stress and oral health status in Korean adolescents. KPHR. 2015; 41:81–93.
3. Hyun MS, Nam KA. A study of self-esteem and stress coping skills in early adolescents. J Korean Acad Soc Nurs Educ. 2009; 15:293–301.
4. Kaplan HB. Psychological stress: trends in theory and research. Academic Press;New York: 1983. p. 17–29.
5. Compas BE, Connor-Smith JK, Saltzman H, Thomsen AH, Wadsworth ME. Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: problems, progress, and potential in theory and research. Psychological Bulletin. 2001; 127:87–127.
crossref
6. Sawyer MG, Pfeiffer S, Susan SH. Life events, coping and depressive symptoms among young adolescents: a one-year prospective study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2009; 117:48–54.
7. Kim KJ, Conger RD, Elder GH, Lorenz FO. Reciprocal influences between stressful life events and adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems. Child Development. 2003; 74:127–143.
crossref
8. Kim HK. Comparison of physical, psychosocial and cognitive factors, and depression between middle-aged women and middle-aged men. Korean J Adults Nurs. 2006; 18:446–456.
9. Jang SA. Effects of stress and depression on oral health status of middle aged population in Korea [master’s thesis]. Seoul: Seoul Hanyang University;2013. [Korean].
10. Ministry of health and welfare: 2010 Korea national oral health survey, Seoul. 2010.
11. Ministry of health and welfare: 2012 Korea national oral health survey, Seoul. 2010.
12. Finlayson TL, Williams DR, Siefert K, Jackson JS, Nowjack-Raymer R. Oral health disparities and psychosocial correlates of self-rated oral health in the national survey of American life. Am J Public Health. 2010; 100:S246–255.
crossref
13. Deinzer R, Hilpert D, Bach K, Schawacht M, Herforth A. Effects of academic stress on oral hygiene- a potential link between stress and plaque-associated disease? J Clin Periodontol. 2001; 28:5.
14. Ministry of Health and welfare: Guide book for using raw data of Korean youth risk behaviors web-based survey. Korea centers for disease control and prevention. Seoul. 2012.
15. Kim SR, Han SJ. The relationship between perceived oral health status and entrance exam stress levels in high school students. J Dent Hyg Sci. 2015; 15:509–517.
crossref
16. Shin SJ, Ahn YS, Jung SH. The relation between dental health behaviors and socioeconomic status among Korean adolescents. J Korean Acad Dent Health. 2008; 32:223–230.
17. Hwang JM, Seong JM, Kim JH, Yoo SM, Park YD. The relationship between oral health behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics in Korean adolescents. J Korean Acad Dent Health. 2009; 33:367–376.
18. Nih HJ, Choi CH, Sohn WS. The relationship between oral health behavior and frequency of oral health education in adolescent. J Korean Acad Dent Health. 2008; 32:203–213.
19. Seo SN, Lee SG, Lim SH. The effects of positive parenting style, self-efficacy, stress, and depression on school adjustment of adolescents. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2012; 10:239–248.
20. Goo YO. Sleep quality and melancholy degree of high school students [master’s thesis]. Daegu: Kyungpook National Univer-sity;2006. [Korean].
21. Bae SY, Kim SH. Analysis of convergent influence of positive emotion, negative emotion and job seeking stress on depression among college women of health affiliation education. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2016; 14:269–278.
22. Kim JH, Park EJ, Oh NR. Effects of neurofeedback training on life stress and depression in female college students. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2016; 14:299–307.
crossref
23. Baker SR, Mat A, Robinson PG. What psychosocial factors influence adolescents oral health? J Dent Res. 2010; 89:1230–1265.
crossref
24. Taani DQ, El-Qaderi SS, Abu Alhaija ES. Dental anxiety in children and its relationship to dental caries and gingival condition. Int J Dent Hyg. 2005; 3:83–87.
crossref
25. Yang HY. The impact of the academic stress level on sugar food consumption patterns for high school students in Gyeonggi area [master’s thesis]. Seoul: Kyung Hee University;2005. [Korean].
26. Won YS, Kim JH. The relationship between psychological health and self-rated oral health on convergence study. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2015; 13:239–248.
crossref
27. Hong MH, Jeong MA. A study on oral symptoms and oral health behavior among secondary students. Journal of academia-industrial technology. 2010; 11:1534–1539.
crossref

Table 1.
Characteristics of the study subjects
Variables N=1,180 (%)
Gender Male 626 (53.1)
Female 554 (46.9)
Age 12 214 (18.1)
13 197 (16.7)
14 207 (17.5)
15 162 (13.7)
16 125 (10.7)
17 158 (13.4)
18 117 (9.9)
Home income Low 171 (14.5)
Middle-low 296 (25.1)
Middle-high 361 (30.6)
High 352 (29.8)
Alcohol experience No 835 (70.8)
Yes 345 (29.2)
Smoking experience No 1,009 (85.5)
Yes 171 (14.5)

The data were analysed by reflecting complex weighted sample design.

Table 2.
Mental health status of the study subjects
Variables N (%)
Sleeping hours
≤6 hours 307 (26.0)
7 hours 353 (29.9)
8 hours 326 (27.6)
9 hours 193 (16.4)
Non-response 1 (0.1)
Level of cognitive stress
A lot of feeling 276 (23.4)
A little feeling 734 (62.2)
Almost no feeling 167 (14.2)
Non-response 3 (0.3)
Depression more than two weeks
Yes 103 (8.7)
No 1,074 (91.0)
Non-response 3 (0.3)

The data were analysed by reflecting complex weighted sample design.

Table 3.
Oral health status
Variables N Mean±SD
Permanent teeth caries index 1,180 0.72±0.06
Table 4.
Difference of oral health status according to mental health status
Variables N Permanent teeth P-value
caries index
Sleeping hours
≤6 hours 307 0.78±0.12
7 hours 353 0.79±0.10 0.191
8 hours 326 0.54±0.09
9 hours 193 0.83±0.18
Level of cognitive stress
A lot of feeling 276 0.83±0.12a,b
A little feeling 734 0.76±0.08b 0.001**
Almost no feeling 167 0.41±0.08a
Depression more than two weeks
Yes 103 1.16±0.21 0.027*
No 1,074 0.68±0.06 0.027*

Mean±SD. *P-value<0.05, **P-value<0.01. *P-value are determined from complex samples general linear model.

a ,bDifference letters denote there are significant difference by Bonferroni test.

Table 5.
Association between mental health status and permanen teeth caries (DMFT) index
Variables B SE P-value
Gender
Female Ref.
Male 0.246 0.11 0.026*
Age 0.078 0.04 0.049*
Home income
High Ref.
Middle-high 0.078 0.11 0.494
Middle-low 0.041 0.12 0.729
Low 0.301 0.21 0.494
Alcohol experience
Yes Ref.
No 0.129 0.14 0.348
Smoking experience
Yes Ref.
No ―0.234 0.20 0.239
Level of cognitive stress
Almost no feeling Ref.
A little feeling 0.330 0.11 0.002*
A lot of feeling 0.182 0.13 0.145
Depression more than two weeks
No Ref.
Yes 0.253 0.17 0.131

*P-value<0.05 by multiple regression.

TOOLS
Similar articles